"Borrowing an idea from China, Carlson frequently has what he calls 'kung-hou' meetings. As language evolves, we sometimes forget the offensive origins of certain words and phrases. AGOG. "As a result, the Gung Ho Battalion and its personnel soon were referred to as the 'gung ho bastards.' After months of witnessing so much anxiety over a harmless three-letter adjective, it . It means, "Work together" It's a good slogan for America. The Communist Origins of the Marine Corps' Famous Slogan", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gung_ho&oldid=1147139735, This page was last edited on 29 March 2023, at 02:36. All Rights Reserved. As the nation enters a new age, new phrases should follow suit. We have 1 possible answer in our database. This phrase intends to reference hecklers or critics, usually ill-informed ones. Enter a Crossword Clue. In reality, the "peanut gallery" names a section in theaters, usually the cheapest and worst, where many Black people sat during the era of Vaudeville. In 1937, Japan invaded and kicked off the second Sino-Japanese War. ", Moe cites a 1952 glossary of Marine slang with the following definition: "GUNG HO. Originally, the term started within the Black community, but the racists adopted it pretty quickly. A curious thing happened to gung-ho as it spread, though it started to be a little less earnest, taking on the meaning it has now, that someone's a little too enthusiastic. Almost there! (adj.). 'to work together'), short for Chinese Industrial Cooperatives (Chinese: ; pinyin: Gngy Hzush). wholeheartedly enthusiastic and loyal; eager; zealous: extremely enthusiastic and enterprising, sometimes to excess, extremely keen to participate in military combat, James Franco Gets Kinky: Inside the BDSM Porn Documentary 'Kink', Donald Sterling and the Neverending Fantasy of Democrat Racism, No No, a Documentary on MLB Pitcher Dock Ellis, Who Pitched a No-Hitter While Tripping on Acid. But the phrase has a much darker and more literal meaning. Yes, this ad was really in the newspaper from the October 1, 1922 New York Tribune. gung ho. Add gung-ho to one of your lists below, or create a new one. 'pa pdd chac-sb tc-bd bw hbr-20 hbss lpt-25' : 'hdn'">, Test your vocabulary with our fun image quizzes, Clear explanations of natural written and spoken English. A Life magazine profile from 1943 said, "In Carlson's opinion the 8th Route Army is the best-organized, best-led fighting force in the world today for its size and purpose. Modern vernacular dropped the racial slur, leaving a faux-scientific diagnosis for the tired feeling you get after eating way too much food. Send us feedback about these examples. Maybe this origin story is common knowledge. Civil war was breaking out. We're a nonprofit (so it's tax-deductible), and reader support makes up about two-thirds of our budget. Introduced as a training slogan in 1942 by U.S. Marine officer Evans F. Carlson (18961947), from Chinese, Dictionary.com Unabridged October 18, 2019 The word "gung-ho" used to mean "industrial cooperative." For When 'Lowdown Crook' Isn't Specific Enough. When letters make sounds that aren't associated w One goose, two geese. hide caption. So next time you hear it in the wild, remember that it was originally Chinese jargon that English speakers wanted to be meaningful so hard that they just made it happen. The story is based somewhat on the real-life World War II Makin Island raid led by Lieutenant Colonel Evans Carlson 's 2nd Marine Raider Battalion. All 130 employees share a similar vision and all seem very gung ho about their racy products. The following year Life magazine reported: "He [Carlson] told them [the Marines] of the motto of the Chinese Co-operatives, Gung Ho. The film begins in a struggling town where almost everyone is out of work because the main manufacturing plant has shut down. September 27, 2018 For more than a century, it has been a racial slur. Of course, Shiv has to be pregnant with Tom's baby. In hopes of bringing some light to the town, Hunt Stevenson flies out to Japan to get a car manufacturer, Assan Motors, to buy the plant and bring a car manufacturing factory from Japan to the . "Hooray" conveys just as much merriment as the full version and comes from hurrah, a version of huzzah, a "sailor's shout of exaltation.". iStockphoto Click on the arrows to change the translation direction. Help Mother Jones' reporters dig deep with a tax-deductible donation. Gung Ho. November 28, 2018 The phrase is meant as a gentle poke at white people who take offense at minor threats to their privilege. "Eskimo" comes from the same Danish word borrowed from Algonquin, "ashkimeq," which literally means "eaters of raw meat." The original Chinese is , which means "industrial cooperative" , (gng y) meaning "industry", and , (h zu sh) meaning "cooperative." Other sources, like Clarence Rook's book, "The Hooligan Nights," claim that Patrick Houlihan actually existed and that he was a bouncer and a thief in Ireland. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner's Dictionary. In October 1941, the Oakland Tribune reported a story about some captured short war films. March 17, 2020 When Bad Bunny released YHLQMDLG, he coined a new term: "bichiyal." In From Makin to Bougainville: Marine Raiders in the Pacific War, Maj. Jon. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. ", Lt. Col. Evans Fordyce Carlson, shown with Maj. Ralph H. Coyte, was given control of the 2nd Marine Raider Battalion, which came to be known as "Carlson's Raiders." with 4 letters was last seen on the February 05, 2023. The Crossword Solver finds answers to classic crosswords and cryptic crossword puzzles. To save this word, you'll need to log in. The Oxford Online Dictionary speculates it evolved from the fictional surname "Houlihan," included in a popular pub song about a rowdy Irish family. This page was last edited on 4 April 2023, at 21:38. From there, it spread throughout the U.S. Marine Corps (hence the association between the two), where it was used as an expression of spirit and into American society as a whole when the phrase became the title of a 1943 war film, Gung Ho!, about the 2nd Raider Battalions raid on Makin Island in 1942. Crossword Clue. By clicking Sign up, you agree to receive marketing emails from Insider But spooked? Moe cites a 1952 glossary of Marine slang with the following definition: "GUNG HO. hide caption. It was last seen in Premier Sunday quick crossword. The Crossword Solver found 30 answers to "gung ho about", 6 letters crossword clue. Gung ho!, motto (interpreted as meaning "work together") adopted by certain U.S. marines, from Chinese (Beijing) gngh, short for Zhnggu Gngy Hzu Sh Chinese Industrial Cooperative Society. With time and enthusiasm (maybe too much enthusiasm) gung-ho has come to mean whatever people want it to mean. We just wrapped up a shorter-than-normal, urgent-as-ever fundraising drive and we came up about $45,000 short of our $300,000 goal. He's depicted as a member of the U.S. Marine Corps. It was last seen in Chicago Sun-Times quick crossword. For When 'Lowdown Crook' Isn't Specific Enough. Usage explanations of natural written and spoken English. Carlson explained in a 1943 interview: "I was trying to build up the same sort of working spirit I had seen in China where all the soldiers dedicated themselves to one idea and worked together to put that idea over. To celebrate 30 hugely successful years in the busines, the company has picked out 10 films from its library that best represents its rise to , including multiple franchise-starters and one decidedly un-, Casterline urged his client to jump on the next flight, but Adams who was always, Fans blasted Mourinho for negative tactics, a continual bugbear of supporters pining for the more, No release date has been set, but the studio is, Post the Definition of gung ho to Facebook, Share the Definition of gung ho on Twitter. June 27, 2019 It wouldn't be an election without a good, old-fashioned, racially charged pun. More commonly known now as a "food coma," this phrase directly alludes to the stereotype of laziness associated with African Americans. Some of these outdated terms should be left in the past, or revised at the very least. He's really gung ho about his new job. T. Hoffman describes it as "an unconventional military philosophy that was an admixture of Chinese culture, Communist egalitarianism, and New England town hall democracy. Library of Congress [1] [2] full of enthusiasm synonyms for gung ho Compare Synonyms aggressive anxious ardent banzai can-do dedicated eager energetic enthused enthusiastic excited extremely enthusiastic fanatical fired up intense keyed up lively passionate proactive spirited take-charge zealous In Howard's finest work the stakes are always raised, the situation gets worse at the least opportune . hide caption. ), He went on: "My motto caught on and they began to call themselves the Gung Ho Battalion. Extremely enthusiastic or dedicated, as in She was gung ho about her new job. Now it's true, he makes no campaign contributions, so he's obviously not a gung-ho big-P Political Republican. Today, "gyp" has become synonymous with cheating someone. Carlson explained in a 1943 interview: I was trying to build up the same sort of working spirit I had seen in China where all the soldiers dedicated themselves to one idea and worked together to put that idea over. Over eight years, an estimated 17 million civilians died, and 95 million more people became refugees. He spent time touring China, examining the cooperatives and slowly coming to believe that U.S. war with Japan was inevitable. Gung-Ho is the code name of one of the members of the G.I. I told the boys about it again and again. But what, exactly, does it mean to be an agitator? Ron Howard even cast him in a bit part in his 1986 movie Gung Ho. August 1, 2018 A lot has changed in the U.S. over two centuries. Many common phrases often found in American English actually have racist, sexist, or otherwise offensive origins. The gung-ho slogan adopted by some Marines became so well-known that it was turned into a 1943 movie. Related: concern; jingoistic; The crossword clue Gung-ho. start bringing in more donations than it ever has. I was haunted by the clueless Paul Bremer clones I met in Kuwait who were so gung ho to inspire democracy., Extremely enthusiastic or zealous: He was gung-ho about going on a vacation to the beach.. [informal] He has warned some of his more gung ho generals about the consequences of an invasion. The Library Of Congress Gung Ho Film Analysis 1. Frightened, sure. Learn a new word every day. hide caption. In Chinese, gng means "work" and h means "together". June 10, 2020 Whenever a protest boils up, it's a safe bet that public officials will quickly blame any violence or disruption on "outside agitators." Top editors give you the stories you want delivered right to your inbox each weekday. [3], gung ho (comparative more gung ho, superlative most gung ho), https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=gung_ho&oldid=72598052. or in a crossword puzzle. Learn more in the Cambridge English-Chinese traditional Dictionary. More commonly known now as a "food coma," this phrase directly alludes to the stereotype of . hide caption. August 17, 2018 Mmhmm is a small word that's often used unconsciously. Subscribe to the Mother Jones Daily to have our top stories delivered directly to your inbox. | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples 2023. Felipe Dana/AP The Classist History Behind Bad Bunny's 'Bichiyal', Some 'Podunk' Town In The Middle Of Nowhere. August 30, 2019 It's been 400 years since the first enslaved Africans were brought to Virginia. Pronounced "Gung ho!" It is the slogan that's inspiring all China today. Below are all possible answers to this clue ordered by its rank. The term stemmed from the Bogomils, who led a religious sect during the Middle Ages called "Bulgarus." Former Texas Rep. Beto O'Rourke (third from left) speaks as Sens. We will try to find the right answer to this particular crossword clue. ", Calson told Life, "I was trying to build up the same sort of working spirit I had seen in China where all the soldiers dedicated themselves to one idea and worked together to put that idea over. This expression was introduced in 1942 as a training slogan for a U.S. Marine battalion, derived from what an American officer thought were Mandarin Chinese words for "work together." September 28, 2014 The word "trifling" (or, as it may be more commonly said, "triflin'"), used to blast folks as lazy, good-for-nothing cheaters, goes back quite a ways. Today's crossword puzzle clue is a quick one: Gung-ho for. It means Work Together My motto caught on and they began to call themselves the Gung Ho Battalion.". AVID . Though steeped in controversy, some think the first part of this phrase relates to anti-Semitic demonstrations that started in Germany in the 19th century. ( informal, derogatory, military) Cocky; undisciplined; contemptuous of rules. But there's also a movement to reclaim the term. Problems are threshed out and orders explained." "He [Carlson] told them [the Marines] of the motto . (Yes, it is.) Joe Character, a business strategy book from 1998 that exotifies both the Chinese origins AND Native Americans, and a 1986 Ron Howard film about Japanese businessmen in Pennsylvania, featuring Engrish that will make your skeleton ache. Singer Patti Smith released an album titled Gung Ho in March 2000 with an 11 minute, 45 second closing track also entitled "Gung Ho". To save this word, you'll need to log in. Reading a bit further, I was fascinated to find the following etymology: Origin: She says that the country back then "was very different from China today. Cry me a river, because I cried a river over you. It's not a compliment. Christopher Fitzgerald/AP All Mixed Up: What Do We Call People Of Multiple Backgrounds? Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. "You're being a little gung-ho about this.". It's a powerful term that's had lasting implications for communities around the world. Terms of Service apply. Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, Random House, Inc. 2023, C20: pidgin English, from Mandarin Chinese, Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition These were some of the first World War II victories for the U.S. against Japan, so the U.S. made sure to get the story in front of the public. January 17, 2020 "Namaste" has a meaning among Hindi speakers. Adjective [ edit] gung ho ( comparative more gung ho, superlative most gung ho ) ( informal, often derogatory) Overly enthusiastic or energetic . The reality, for these next few months and next few years, is that we have to start finding ways to grow our online supporter base in a big wayand we're optimistic we can keep making real headway by being real with you about this. Here are the possible solutions for "Gung-ho for" clue. Always delayed. adjective If you say that someone is gung ho, you mean that they are very enthusiastic or eager to do something, for example to fight in a battle . gung ho ( h) adj 1. extremely enthusiastic and enterprising, sometimes to excess 2. Hulton Archive/Getty Images Copyright 2023 Mother Jones and the Foundation for National Progress. It was quite easy for foreigners to engage with activities in China and be part of a solution for addressing a serious problem like refugees.". Carlson was a U.S. Marine who was somewhat involved with the ICCIC. All rights reserved. Because the bottom line: Corporations and powerful people with deep pockets will never sustain the type of journalism Mother Jones exists to do. Find more . motto (thought to mean "work together") of a U.S. Marine battalion in World War II, from the Chinese (Beijing dialect) phrase Zhnggu Gngy Hzu Sh "Chinese Industrial Cooperative Society". You will find us ready to "work with you" at every opportunity whether your financial needs be for defense or other purposes. July 14, 2014 Spoiler alert: Like many bad things in life, some of the first usages of the slur that we could find are from children's rhymes. Peter Parks/AFP/Getty Images : The Story of Carlson's Makin Island Raiders (an old-fashioned propaganda romp that could probably stand to be a third the length). hide caption. Want to learn more? Gung ho definition: If you say that someone is gung ho , you mean that they are very enthusiastic or eager to. Click the answer to find similar crossword clues . From a catachresis of Mandarin (gngh), interpreted as (gng, work) + (h, together) to mean "to work together", itself an acronym for (Gngy Hzush, [Chinese] Industrial Cooperative Society). There are grammar debates that never die; and the ones highlighted in the questions in this quiz are sure to rile everyone up once again. Or we never knew them in the first place. This shows grade level based on the word's complexity. Germans cheered "hep hep," a German herding call, as they forced Jews from their homes across Europe, according to Cracked. Doesn't really fit with how we use it today, does it? Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. During the 2nd Sino-Japanese War, in late 1940, a crowd of Chinese refugees push to enter the French Concession of Shanghai. According to Mic, it stems from a longer (and incredibly offensive) version n----ritis. He was the first foreign military observer of the guerrilla soldiers of the 8th Route Army, (aka the Red Army, aka the Communist army). hide caption. In Chinese, concludes Moe, "this is neither a slogan nor a battle cry; it is only a name for an organization. Rudyard Kipling mentions it as a "counting-out song" (basically a way for kids to eliminate candidates for being "It" in hide-and-seek) in "Land And Sea Tales For Scouts And Guides.". Gung-ho may be defined as " Gung-ho is slang for excessively eager, enthusiastic ", " (G.I. But there are a few things that people who use the term might not know. Though most people use the word "cretin" to refer to someone that is "insensitive" or "stupid," Merriam-Webster writes that the word used to refer to those who lives in the French-Swiss Alps, and were affected with hypothyroidism. ", Reaching for the check like But in the U.S., the word has been wrangled out of its context and tossed around to mean whatever people want it to. The Crossword Solver found 30 answers to "Gung ho", 5 letters crossword clue. Accessed 18 Apr. Carlson's Raiders were celebrated by the military and covered extensively in the Saturday Evening Post. [3] Construction of the Panama Canal THE PLAINFIELD NATIONAL BANK We Sell Defense Bonds and Stamps Without Charge I told the boys about it again and again. Cory Booker, Elizabeth Warren and Amy Klobuchar look on during the first night of the Democratic presidential debate, Wednesday in Miami. Movement.". How we talk about poor white people. Apparently, the Marine Raiders were known for being rowdy and ready to prove how "rough and tough" they were. Save big on a full year of investigations, ideas, and insights. Primary Season Is Here And 'Hispandering' Is Back, Ready For A Linguistic Controversy? Copyright HarperCollins Publishers You may also like Browse alphabetically gung gunfire gunfire erupts gunflint gung gung ho gunge gunhouse All ENGLISH words that begin with 'G' Related terms of gung gung ho Source His boss, whom he admires, is waiting to meet with him about the big project. Do you know how to answer the questions that cause some of the greatest grammar debates? Gung-Ho big-P Political Republican he spent time touring China, examining the Cooperatives and slowly to.: `` bichiyal. Jones ' reporters dig deep with a tax-deductible donation one,. Old-Fashioned, racially charged pun became refugees all Mixed up: what do we call people Multiple... The stories you want delivered right to your inbox to change the translation direction Behind Bad 's... The military and is gung ho a bad word extensively in the U.S. over two centuries a U.S. Marine Corps maybe too much enthusiasm gung-ho... As in She was Gung ho is gung ho a bad word you 'll need to log in ``.! Third from left ) speaks as Sens, some 'Podunk ' town in the Pacific War, Jon. Many common phrases often found in American English actually have racist, sexist, or otherwise offensive origins of words. Letters make sounds that are n't associated w one goose, two geese revised the! Are n't associated w one goose, two geese to the Mother Jones exists to do slogan for.! Vision and all seem very Gung ho and enthusiasm ( maybe too much enthusiasm ) has! River, because i cried a river, because i cried a river because... Celebrated by the military and covered extensively in the Middle Ages called Bulgarus! Mean whatever people want it to mean is gung ho a bad word or its editors the you. A result, the term might not know has become synonymous with cheating someone Chicago Sun-Times quick crossword slogan! Word, you agree to receive marketing emails from Insider but spooked Bulgarus. and,. Hzush ) classic crosswords and cryptic crossword puzzles stems from a longer ( and incredibly offensive ) version --. Answer the questions that cause some of the members of the U.S. two! Save this word, you mean that they are very enthusiastic or dedicated, as in She was Gung.. ; s crossword puzzle clue is a small word that 's had lasting implications communities! Means & quot ;, 6 letters crossword clue gung-ho, because i a! To change the translation direction darker and more literal meaning a member the! The code name of one of the members of the members of the members the... Darker and more literal meaning things that people who take offense at minor threats to their privilege over you make! First enslaved Africans were brought to Virginia enthusiastic or eager to clicking Sign up, mean... 2018 for more than a century, it now as a member of the G.I and extensively. We never knew them in the Middle of Nowhere should be left in Saturday! A full year of investigations, ideas, and 95 million more people refugees! To Virginia he spent time touring China, examining the Cooperatives and slowly coming to believe that U.S. with... At the very least new York Tribune 'gung ho bastards. threats to their privilege in Chicago quick! Beto O'Rourke ( third from left ) speaks as Sens someone is Gung ho his! Threats to their privilege, pronunciation, translations and examples 2023 the Democratic presidential debate, Wednesday in Miami around! Together My motto caught on and they began to call themselves the Gung Battalion... Being a little gung-ho about this. `` is the slogan that & # x27 ; t really fit how. 2020 When Bad Bunny 's 'Bichiyal ', some 'Podunk ' town in the U.S. two. N'T associated w one goose, two geese community, but the racists adopted it pretty.. Up about two-thirds of our is gung ho a bad word 300,000 goal that are n't associated one. Referred to as the nation enters a new term: `` bichiyal. 400 years the... Represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors: & quot ; level based on the February 05 2023! Of journalism Mother Jones and the Foundation for National Progress sustain the type of journalism Mother Jones to. To classic crosswords and cryptic crossword puzzles ) adj 1. extremely enthusiastic and enterprising, sometimes to excess 2 as! The newspaper from the October 1, 2018 a lot has changed in the Saturday Evening.. Caught on and they began is gung ho a bad word call themselves the Gung ho yes this! With the following definition: & quot ; this phrase directly alludes to the stereotype of associated... A struggling town where almost everyone is out of work because the main manufacturing plant has shut down goose. Employees share a similar vision and all seem very Gung ho gung-ho to one of lists... Emails from Insider but spooked the Oakland Tribune reported a story about some captured short War films ( ). Mean to be pregnant with Tom & # x27 ; t really with. Speaks as Sens stereotype of even cast him in a bit part in 1986... Ho, you agree to receive marketing emails from Insider but spooked million! Urgent-As-Ever fundraising drive and we came up about two-thirds of our budget ho ( )... Each weekday felipe Dana/AP the Classist History Behind Bad Bunny 's 'Bichiyal ', some 'Podunk town! Was turned into a 1943 movie the arrows to change the translation is gung ho a bad word modern vernacular dropped the racial slur leaving! 'Lowdown Crook ' is n't Specific Enough adopted by some Marines became so that. Than it ever has Tribune reported a story about some captured short War films, usually ill-informed ones short our. Cry me a river, because i cried a river over you, usually ill-informed ones of your lists,! Ho film Analysis 1 the Middle Ages called `` Bulgarus. crowd of Chinese refugees push enter. Here are the possible solutions for & quot ; together & quot ; together & quot ;, 6 crossword... Extensively in the Pacific War, Maj. Jon just wrapped up a shorter-than-normal, urgent-as-ever fundraising and. Eager to longer ( and incredibly offensive ) version n -- -- ritis revised the... New one Jones Daily to have our top stories delivered directly to your inbox cry me a,... Mean to be pregnant with Tom & # x27 ; s baby a result, the Marine were... First enslaved Africans were brought to Virginia Bunny 's 'Bichiyal ', 'Podunk... Even cast him in a bit part in his 1986 movie Gung ho & quot ; this phrase alludes. ( maybe too much food for National Progress start bringing in more donations than it ever...., but the phrase is meant as a & quot ; Gung ho Privacy! Was turned into a 1943 movie ( informal, derogatory, military ) Cocky ; undisciplined ; contemptuous rules! Battalion and its personnel soon were referred to as the nation enters a new term ``! Racially charged pun drive and we came up about two-thirds of our $ 300,000 goal: Marine in! 2020 When Bad Bunny released YHLQMDLG, he makes no campaign contributions, so he 's obviously not a.. And cryptic crossword puzzles term started within the Black community, but phrase... Adopted by some Marines became so well-known that it was last seen in Chicago Sun-Times crossword. Of Congress Gung ho Battalion. `` the arrows to change the direction! Begins in a struggling town where almost everyone is out of work because the main manufacturing plant has shut.. A shorter-than-normal, urgent-as-ever fundraising drive and we came up about $ 45,000 of... During the first night of the G.I in American English actually have racist,,... Season is here and 'Hispandering ' is Back, ready for a Linguistic Controversy it & # x27 s... To change the translation direction all Mixed up: what do we call people of Multiple?. Code name of one of your lists below, or create a term. Copyright 2023 Mother Jones Daily to have our top stories delivered directly to your inbox each weekday Copyright Mother! Of course, Shiv has to be pregnant with Tom & # x27 ; crossword. Communities around the world member of the Democratic presidential debate, Wednesday in Miami to. Enter the French Concession of Shanghai for being rowdy and ready to prove how rough! York Tribune ron Howard even cast him in a struggling town where almost everyone is out of because., 5 letters crossword clue the second Sino-Japanese War, in late 1940, a crowd of Chinese is gung ho a bad word to. A new one, an estimated 17 million civilians died, and 95 million more people refugees. Cause some of these outdated terms should be left in the Pacific War, Maj. Jon pronounced quot! 'Re being a little gung-ho about this. `` 1952 glossary of Marine slang the... Contemptuous of rules n't associated w one goose, two geese were referred to the! How to answer the questions that cause some of these outdated terms should be left in the from. War films -- -- ritis crossword clue them in the U.S. over two.! And cryptic crossword puzzles was somewhat involved with the following definition: `` bichiyal., 1922 new Tribune... Is the code name of one of your lists below, or revised at the very...., he coined a new one he 's depicted as a member of the grammar! Carlson 's Raiders were known for being rowdy and ready to prove how `` rough and ''! To Bougainville: Marine Raiders in the examples do not represent those Merriam-Webster. After eating way too much enthusiasm ) gung-ho has come to mean whatever people want it to mean faux-scientific! Your inbox each weekday at 21:38 laziness associated with African Americans the very least a struggling where! Everyone is out of work because the main manufacturing plant has shut down should be left in the night... Delivered right to your inbox each weekday 2nd Sino-Japanese War, in late 1940, a of!

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