People's courts are at the lowest level of the system and operate in cities, counties and urban districts, while different kinds of special courts handle cases related to military, railroad or maritime matters. The Democratic People's Republic of Korea is an independent socialist State representing the interests of all the Korean people. [352] Only 2% of the freight capacity is supported by river and sea transport, and air traffic is negligible. Critics believe that the real purpose of the launch was to test a ballistic missile. Fighting ended on 27 July 1953, with an armistice that approximately restored the original boundaries between North and South Korea, but no peace treaty was signed. Shtykov served as the first Soviet ambassador, while Kim Il-sung became premier. (book review of 'Kim Il-song's North Korea' by Helen-Louise Hunter). Juche eventually replaced Marxism–Leninism entirely by the 1980s,[129] and in 1992 references to the latter were omitted from the constitution. [217], The Ministry of People's Security (MPS) maintains most law enforcement activities. People's Rep., Low income, Middle income | Data", "Democratic People's Republic of Korea: WHO statistical profile", "Physicians (per 1,000 people) - Low income, Korea, Dem. www.my-domain.kp. "[29][30] The government, however, admitted some human rights issues related to living conditions and stated that it is working to improve them. [334] Initially four such zones existed, but they yielded little overall success. The shortage of skilled labor, energy, arable land and transportation significantly impeded long-term growth and resulted in consistent failure to meet planning objectives. [96] For example, the song, "We Will Go To Mount Paektu" sings in praise of Kim Jong-un and describes a symbolic trek to the mountain. After the Japanese surrender at the end of World War II in 1945, the Korean Peninsula was divided into two zones along the 38th parallel, with the northern half of the peninsula occupied by the Soviet Union and the southern half by the United States. DPNK - North Korea. [282] Heuristics is actively applied to develop the independence and creativity of students throughout the system. Bong Youn Choy. It covers an area of 120,540 square kilometers (46,541 sq mi). The Korean Armistice Agreement brought about a ceasefire, but no peace treaty was signed. In the late 1980s and the 1990s its foreign policy was thrown into turmoil with the collapse of the Soviet bloc. According to Kim Il-sung, speaking in 1958, the loyal "core class" constituted 25% of the North Korean population, the "wavering class" 55%, and the "hostile class" 20%. [371][372][373] A statement broadcast on Korean Central Television said that a new Earth observation satellite, Kwangmyongsong-4, had successfully been put into orbit less than 10 minutes after lift-off from the Sohae space center in North Phyongan province. "North Korean censorship". His birthday is one of the most important public holidays in the country. Soju liquor is the best-known traditional Korean spirit. North Korea has some 5,200 kilometers of railways mostly in standard gauge which carry 80% of annual passenger traffic and 86% of freight, but electricity shortages undermine their efficiency. A great majority of the population lives in the plains and lowlands. [289] Freedom of religion and the right to religious ceremonies are constitutionally guaranteed, but religions are restricted by the government. Some scholars believe that the 1956 August incident demonstrated independence. [382], According to high-level North Korean defectors, since the 1970s, revenue accumulated through foreign currency, revenue which is wholly separate from the official economic organs of the state, is of economic significance. North Korea: NK: North Korea: KP: North Korea: NKFA: North Korea Freedom Act: NKA: North Korean Army: NKPA: North Korean People’s Army: NKW: North Korean Won: KPW: North Korean Won: OSK: Optical Society of Korea: OKA: Organization for Korea Atomic Energy Awareness: OBK: Outward Bound Korea: OKF: Overseas Koreans Foundation: PUCK: Pen User Club in Korea: PDRK It encouraged other countries to engage with the North, which allowed Pyongyang to normalize relations with a number of European Union states and contributed to the establishment of joint North-South economic projects. Research Committee on Korean Reunification, Institute of International Studies, Bradley University, 1984. p. 117. [28][29][30], The name Korea derives from the name Goryeo (also spelled Koryŏ). [437] Some 100,000 athletes perform rhythmic gymnastics and dances while another 40,000 participants create a vast animated screen in the background. [48][49][50][51], The military of North Korea invaded the South on 25 June 1950, and swiftly overran most of the country. The main deficiencies of higher education are the heavy presence of ideological subjects, which comprise 50% of courses in social studies and 20% in sciences,[281] and the imbalances in curriculum. Other banking, trade and financial ventures (many of which are illicit) are also said to be significant contributors. [383], Despite a historically strong Chinese influence, Korean culture has shaped its own unique identity. Based on their own behavior and the political, social, and economic background of their family for three generations as well as behavior by relatives within that range, Songbun is allegedly used to determine whether an individual is trusted with responsibility, given opportunities,[299] or even receives adequate food. [335] The SEZ system was overhauled in 2013 when 14 new zones were opened and the Rason Special Economic Zone was reformed as a joint Chinese-North Korean project. [424] Occasional deliberate disinformation on the part of North Korean establishments further complicates the issue. [411] Access to foreign media products is available through smuggled DVDs and television or radio broadcasts in border areas. According to a 2004 South Korean assessment, North Korea possesses a stockpile of chemical weapons estimated to amount to 2,500–5,000 tons, including nerve, blister, blood, and vomiting agents, as well as the ability to cultivate and produce biological weapons including anthrax, smallpox, and cholera. The highest point in North Korea is Paektu Mountain, a volcanic mountain with an elevation of 2,744 meters (9,003 ft) above sea level. [95] Some 80 percent of North Korea is composed of mountains and uplands, separated by deep and narrow valleys. [181] On 4 October 2007, South Korean president Roh Moo-hyun and Kim Jong-il signed an eight-point peace agreement. [390] All artists in North Korea are required to join the Artists' Union, and the best among them can receive an official license to portray the leaders. [394], The government emphasized optimistic folk-based tunes and revolutionary music throughout most of the 20th century. [251] The defense industry is capable of producing a full range of individual and crew-served weapons, artillery, armored vehicles, tanks, missiles, helicopters, surface combatants, submarines, landing and infiltration craft, Yak-18 trainers and possibly co-production of jet aircraft. [24][25][26][27] The North Korean government denies these abuses. If you are visiting our non-English version and want to see the English version of North Korea, please scroll down to the bottom and you will see the meaning of North Korea in English language. ", Lee, Hong Yung. [292][293] Chondoism ("Heavenly Way") is an indigenous syncretic belief combining elements of Korean shamanism, Buddhism, Taoism and Catholicism that is officially represented by the WPK-controlled Chondoist Chongu Party. [349], Transport infrastructure includes railways, highways, water and air routes, but rail transport is by far the most widespread. [435] Successful Olympians receive luxury apartments from the state in recognition for their achievements. "North Korea." With an area of 99,678 km² the country is about the size of Iceland, or slightly smaller than the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. [86][87], On 17 December 2011, Kim Jong-il died from a heart attack. [95] Considered a sacred place by North Koreans, Mount Paektu holds significance in Korean culture and has been incorporated in the elaborate folklore and cult personality around the Kim dynasty. [52] Approximately 3 million people died in the Korean War, with a higher proportional civilian death toll than World War II or the Vietnam War, making it perhaps the deadliest conflict of the Cold War-era. Building on Nordpolitik, South Korea began to engage with the North as part of its Sunshine Policy. [337] As of August 2017[update], China is the biggest trading partner of North Korea outside inter-Korean trade, accounting for more than 84% of the total external trade ($5.3 billion) followed by India at 3.3% share ($205 million). [117], Executive power is vested in the Cabinet of North Korea, which has been headed by Premier Kim Dok-hun since 14 August 2020. The Historic Sites and Monuments in Kaesong and the Complex of Goguryeo Tombs are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. North Korean institutes are strong in these fields of research, although their engineers require additional training and laboratories need equipment upgrades. This 2-letter country name abbreviation table is for me. Men in positions of power, including police, high-ranking officials, market supervisors, and guards can abuse women at will and are not prosecuted for it. Yet as Trump toasted the summit's results, he faced mounting questions about whether he got too little and gave away too much — including an agreement to halt U.S. military Need to know how North Korea is abbreviated in World? [108][109] His grandfather Kim Il-sung, the founder and leader of North Korea until his death in 1994, is the country's "eternal President",[110] while his father Kim Jong-il who succeeded Kim Il-sung as the leader was announced "Eternal General Secretary" and "Eternal Chairman of the National Defence Commission" after his death in 2011.[108]. [155], North Korea enjoys a close relationship with China which is often called North Korea's closest ally. [111][112] Its role is to deliberate and decide the work on defense building of the State, including major policies of the State; and to carry out the directions of the Chairman of the commission, Kim Jong-Un. [223] According to official North Korean media, military expenditures for 2010 amount to 15.8 percent of the state budget. [101] Spring and autumn are transitional seasons between summer and winter. Some of the most influential films are based on historic events (An Jung-geun shoots Itō Hirobumi) or folk tales (Hong Gildong). Couldn't find the full form or full meaning of North? [42] The modern spelling of Korea first appeared in the late 17th century in the travel writings of the Dutch East India Company's Hendrick Hamel. It has been 3 years since North Korea's last ICBM test. As they neared the border with China, Chinese forces intervened on behalf of North Korea, shifting the balance of the war again. [298][300], Songbun allegedly affects access to educational and employment opportunities and particularly whether a person is eligible to join North Korea's ruling party. The military faces some issues limiting its conventional capabilities, including obsolete equipment, insufficient fuel supplies and a shortage of digital command and control assets due to other countries being banned from selling weapons to it by the UN sanctions. [215] Courts carry out legal procedures related to not only criminal and civil matters, but also political cases as well. NK = Corea del Nord Cerchi una definizione generale di NK? [165], North Korea was previously designated a state sponsor of terrorism[166] because of its alleged involvement in the 1983 Rangoon bombing and the 1987 bombing of a South Korean airliner. "North Korean 'Adventurism' and China's Long Shadow, 1966–1972". [376] International calls through either fixed or cellular service are restricted, and mobile Internet is not available. In fact, it is ridiculous for such gay [sic] to sponsor dealing with others' human rights issue. [393], In the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, the Goguryeo tumulus is registered on the World Heritage list of UNESCO. The two-letter country abbreviation for North Korea is KP, the three-letter code is PRK. [345] Cars are relatively rare,[356] but bicycles are common. The 2-letter codes shown above are supplied by the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). People cannot choose where to work, government choose your job based on your skills. [437][438] Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, the largest stadium in the world with its capacity of 150,000, hosts the Festival. South Korea. How is North Korea abbreviated? [256] The national birth rate is 14.5 births per year per 1,000 population. [72] However, by the 1980s, the economy had begun to stagnate; it started its long decline in 1987 and almost completely collapsed after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, when all Soviet aid was suddenly halted. [37] The 10th-century kingdom of Goryeo succeeded Goguryeo,[38][39][40][41] and thus inherited its name, which was pronounced by visiting Persian merchants as "Korea". It is a three-generation lineage descending from the country's first leader, Kim Il-sung. [306] North Korea declared the last seven-year plan unsuccessful in December 1993 and thereafter stopped announcing plans. [316] Food and housing are extensively subsidized by the state; education and healthcare are free;[277] and the payment of taxes was officially abolished in 1974. Kim Jong-il was often the center of attention throughout ordinary life. [317] A variety of goods are available in department stores and supermarkets in Pyongyang,[318] though most of the population relies on small-scale jangmadang markets. [n 3][18] North Korea holds elections, though they have been described by independent observers as sham elections. [78], International donors led by the United States initiated shipments of food through the World Food Program in 1997 to combat the famine. Provinces are the first-level division within South Korea. North Korea has the highest number of doctors per capita amongst low-income countries, with 3.7 physicians per 1,000 people, a figure which is also significantly higher than that of South Korea, according to WHO's data. [78], The international environment changed with the election of U.S. president George W. Bush in 2001. Looking for abbreviations of DPNK? Two of them broadcast only on weekends and the Korean Central Television is on air every day in the evenings. [301], While some analysts believe private commerce recently changed the Songbun system to some extent,[302] most North Korean refugees say it remains a commanding presence in everyday life. Press in 2017 was 180th out of 180 countries in Reporters without borders ' annual press Freedom.. 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