It's been used in the semiconductor industry to clean oxides off of surfaces, but, in general, it's probably too powerful for its own good. Chlorine trifluoride appears as a colorless gas or green liquid with a pungent odor. . Have you heard the joke about the universal solvent? Boils at 53F. You may observe the mild reactivity of this gentle substance as it encounters various common laboratory materials, and draw your own conclusions. There's something really, really big in the middle of our Milky Way galaxy one of the largest structures ever observed in the region, in fact. How can I make the following table quickly? But, of course, the weapon was incredibly dangerous for those carrying it around too, not just those they launch it at. Try one more set of practice questions with a slightly more complicated reaction. FOOF is the most onomatipoetic compound known to man. The stuff would rip the hull off your ship. rev2023.4.17.43393. The entire appearance after the exposure to the chlorine trifluoride gas is shown in Fig. Get our latest posts and insights delivered directly to your inbox. At seven hundred freaking degrees, fluorine starts to dissociate into monoatomic radicals, thereby losing its gentle and forgiving nature. Chlorine and fluorine are nasty enough by themselves, but at least in normal conditions they bond with themselves in diatomic molecules, which reduces their hunger for electrons of their neighbours. This will be accomplished by mounting your copper vessel in a magnetically accelerated slug or self-propelled missile. read the whole thing, read it, chlorine trifluoride, chemistry horror stories. What is the hardest part of being a scientist. This creates a thin fluoride layer inside the container, which won't disturb the CIF3. 7790-91-2). Fluorine is in the first place much more reactive than chlorine. Of course, its so difficult to store safely that its generally considered not to be worth the risk for this usage. You write that. It burned its way through a foot of concrete floor and chewed up another meter of sand and gravel beneath, completing a day that I'm sure . According to eyewitness reports, the chemical burned straight through a foot of concrete and three feet of gravel while simultaneously releasing a deadly cloud of gas containing a cocktail of chlorine trifluoride, hydrogen fluoride, chlorine and hydrogen chloride that corroded every surface it came into contact with. Azidoazide Azide Storage and Weaponization. Thanks to a note from reader Robert L., I can report that there is indeed such a reagent:chlorine trifluoride. The electron geometry for the Chlorine trifluoride is also provided.For the ClF3 Lewis Structure see:https://youtu.be/4FX__czAHDEThe ideal bond angle for the Chlorine trifluoride is 90 since it has a Approx. Chlorine trifluoride has been investigated as a high-performance storable oxidizer in rocket propellant systems. Safety and Health The stuff could be used as an incredibly effective chemical weapon that was also cheap to produce. It is not. Chlorine trifluoride ignites on contact with almost any substance, burns at over 2000C, and will melt tanks, bunkers, schools, and pretty much anything it comes into contact with. Q&A for work. . It reacts with water to form chlorine and hydrofluoric acid with release of heat. This suggests that the stuff might be better used by a saboteur or terrorist. Build the largest LEGO Millennium Falcon to dateIncludes two crews of minifigures - 4 classic crew minifigures: Han Solo, Chewbacca, Princess Leia and C-3PO, plus 3 Star Wars Episode VII/VIII crew minifigures: Older Han Solo, Rey and Finn. Contrive for them to "find" semi-destroyed plans for a weapon prototype in a way that they can't help but believe is real. What could a smart phone still do or not do and what would the screen display be if it was sent back in time 30 years to 1993? Your email address will not be published. These reactions are often violent, and in some cases explosive, especially with flammable materials. originally appeared on Quora: the place to gain and share knowledge, empowering people to learn from others and better understand the world. You may observe the mild reactivity of this gentle substance as it encounters various common laboratory materials, and draw your own conclusions. The union one twin thing. A design to accomplish this could have an armor penetrating exterior, then detonate and scatter a bunch of smaller sealed copper spheres like a shotgun blast that would ideally breach the inner walls and then combust. Yes, a ClFL3 fire in a critical area would be devastating on a ship. For instance, its great for plasmaless cleaning of certain surfaces used in semiconductor manufacturing and it also works well at cleaning uranium residue off of the walls of nuclear power plants and removing built up oxides. ), perchloryl fluoride (! [16] Unlike most of the alternative chemicals used in this role, it does not need to be activated by the use of plasma since the heat of the chamber is sufficient to make it decompose and react with the semiconductor material.[16]. The annual Perseid meteor shower is upon us. It's been used in the semiconductor industry to clean oxides off of surfaces, at which activity it no doubt excels. We're pretty sure the compound's common name is "NOPE.". It boils at 12 (so that a trivial pressure will keep it liquid at room temperature) and freezes at a convenient 76. Get our latest posts and insights delivered directly to your inbox. As others have pointed out, there are some problems with this idea. The only known way to store chlorine trifluoride safely, which we use in the loosest possible sense, is to put it inside of a sealed containers made of steel, iron, nickel or copper which are able to contain the chemical safely if theyre first treated with flourine gas. The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind: Creating Currents of Electricity and Hope (P.S.) Or it's just banned by acting rules of engagement. These azidonauts endorse:". Image by Koisny under Creative Commons license. Derek Lowe, an Arkansan by birth, got his BA from Hendrix College and his PhD in organic chemistry from Duke before spending time in Germany on a Humboldt Fellowship on his post-doc. Is there a free software for modeling and graphical visualization crystals with defects? Staying power, that's what I call it. This is what you get when you run oxygen and fluorine through a 700C heating block. If stirring be omitted until the maximum turbidity is attained, the slightest agitation results in a detonation that demolishes the apparatus. Numerous explosions, often without assignable cause, have occurred during the experiments. Pretty cool article either way. The products of hydrolysis are mainly hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid, which are usually released as steam or vapor due to the highly exothermic nature of the reaction. The substance is so highly reactive that famously unreactive elements like platinum, osmium and iridium will begin to corrode when they come into contact with it. That makes it pretty much impossible to store in solution. Chlorine Trifluoride is a colorless gas or a white solid with a sweet, suffocating odor. Thoughts? Since the war, the compound has been banned under the Chemical Weapons Convention. A violent reaction occurs with water or ice generating acidic HF and chlorine, [Sidgwick, 1156(1950)]. Or an explosion. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Here is a chemistry tip. But if you start talkin' chlorine trifluoride, we'll take a hard pass, thanks. However, if enough cyanoacrylate is added to the cotton or wool, the fabric will catch on fire, making this a great trick to keep in mind in survival situations. "It can be kept in some of the ordinary structural metals steel, copper, aluminium, etc. Makes sense, seeing as the only known "safe" way to store CIF3 is to seal it in containers made of steel, iron, nickel, or copper after they've been treated with fluorine gas. in tempus justo mattis vel, tristique porta. The collection is called "Things I Won't Work With" and is a hair-raising categorization of substances that Dr. Lowe in particular refuses to go anywhere near. It offered improved specific impulse over chlorine trifluoride, but with all of the same difficulties in handling. As if that wasnt worrying enough, if youre ever unlucky enough to get hydrofluric acid on your skin, it doesnt actually hurt until a few hours later. The compound causes severe irritation to mucous membranes, eyes, and skin, and on exposure to the Chlorine Trifluoride gas, it can cause lung damage. If you've seen a shooting star on a recent stargazing jaunt, you've spotted the very beginning of the Orionids meteor shower. From hisout-of-printclassicIgnition! It sets fire to glass, to rubber, to sand, to iron, copper, aluminium you name it. Each mask is provided with a rectangular pane (7 x 3 inches) of shatter-proof glass. Chlorine trifluoride is an interhalogen compound with the formula ClF3. It only takes a minute to sign up. From 1938, construction commenced on a partly bunkered, partly subterranean 14,000m2 (150,000sqft) munitions factory, the Falkenhagen industrial complex, which was intended to produce 90 tonnes of N-Stoff per month, in addition to sarin (a deadly nerve agent). Call me The Terrible, or terry if you like. It is hypergolic with every known fuel, and so rapidly hypergolic that no ignition delay has ever been measured. The greatest danger I can think of for my ships crew is they will be distracted by their hysterical laughter once they realize what you shot at them. How massive does earth need to be to start fusion reaction? Physical state. The molecular geometry of ClF3 is approximately T-shaped, with one short bond (1.598) and two long bonds (1.698). Generally, cotton and wool are readily available and cyanoacrylate is always a good thing to have on hand in first aid kits, due to its wound sealing ability. Again, more conventional munitions would probably be sufficient to cripple a ship from the inside, and your ship will probably have some onboard already. Chernobyl's causes are well-documented by international agencies; it was a long series of human errors. because of the formation of a thin film of insoluble metal fluoride which protects the bulk of the metal, just as the invisible coat of oxide on aluminium keeps it from burning up in the atmosphere. No, elemental fluorine has commanded respect since well before anyone managed to isolate it, a process that took a good fifty years to work out in the 1800s. But thats how you get it to react with oxygen to make a product thats worse in pretty much every way. Once it turns into a gas, ClF3 is colorless with a sweet and pungent odor. Write the equation that relates the rate expressions for this reaction in terms of the disappearance of Cl2 and F2 and the formation of ClF3. However, if this layer is compromised in anyway, or the metal isnt completely dry, chlorine trifluoride will begin to react violently and cause the vessel to explode. only a scrap of plan/data left). It also has a nice fat density, about 1.81 at room temperature. Chlorine trifluoride is very unstable so it's energetically favourable to react with almost anything to produce more stable fluorides; releasing oxygen, chlorine and compounds of the two. New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI, Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition. Reichsmark exchange rate values from 1942 to 1944 are fragmentary. Iodine trifluoride, Chlorine trifluoride is an interhalogen compound with the formula .mw-parser-output .template-chem2-su{display:inline-block;font-size:80%;line-height:1;vertical-align:-0.35em}.mw-parser-output .template-chem2-su>span{display:block;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output sub.template-chem2-sub{font-size:80%;vertical-align:-0.35em}.mw-parser-output sup.template-chem2-sup{font-size:80%;vertical-align:0.65em}ClF3. Chlorine trifluoride is prepared by the reaction Cl2 (g) + 3F2 (g)2ClF3 (g). Pretty self-explanatory. Further, there is really little one can do to put out the fires it causes directly other than to let them burn off. 13. If you liked this article, you might also enjoy: Melissa writes for the wildly popular interesting fact website TodayIFoundOut.com. Contact with organic materials may result in spontaneous ignition. = S = O = H In your notebook, draw the reaction mixture after the reaction has gone to completion, and the sulfur dioxide product has been formed. Over the years, I've probably had more hits on my "Sand Won't Save You This Time" post than on any other single one on the site. Rather fortunately, chlorine trifluoride. It's the things around them that alter. We have Plexiglas, a rubber glove, clean leather, not-so-clean leather, a gas mask, a piece of wood, and a wet glove. Oxygen or ozone shells would do same thing, although not as intense. They originally planned to produce 90 tons of the stuff every month, but only made about 30 tons throughout the whole war. John Howard, M.D. This was a huge mistake, and one that I might have avoided if I could have read Derek Lowes posts to Science Translational Medicine. This is an answer the God Emperor approves of. He has curated a horrific. Stargazers rejoice! .mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}^a Using data from Economic History Services and The Inflation Calculator, we can calculate that 100 Reichsmark in 1941 is approximately equivalent to $4,652.50 USD in 2021. It occurs as a ligand in the complex CsF(ClF3)3.[15]. These cookies work by uniquely identifying your browser and device. It is hypergolic with every known fuel, and so rapidly hypergolic that no ignition delay has ever been measured. How can Bronze Age people make hazmat gear for chlorine trifluoride? This will be determined by the number of atoms and lone pairs attached to the central atom.If you are trying to find the electron geometry for ClF3 we would expect it to be Trigonal bipyramidal.Helpful Resources: How to Draw Lewis Structures: https://youtu.be/1ZlnzyHahvo Molecular Geometry and VSEPR Explained: https://youtu.be/Moj85zwdULg Molecular Geo App: https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/molecule-shapes/latest/molecule-shapes_en.htmlGet more chemistry help at http://www.breslyn.orgDrawing/writing done in InkScape. Chloride Trifluoride is available in the condensed form in the market and at pressurized room temperature it turns into a pale-greenish yellow liquid. @ozone - it's false. Applying Super Glue (cyanoacrylate) to cotton or wool results in a rapid chemical reaction that releases enough heat to cause minor burns, so typically this should be avoided. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication Number 2020-124. Gibbs free energy is -123.0 kJ mol -1. The space, however, is made of space, lots of it :) So typically, there will be quite a bunch of space between you and your enemy, be it spaceship combat or orbital bombardment. So the obvious solution is to drop a machine producing ClF3 upon your enemy. Sand Won't Save You This Time (the prequel to Chlorine Trifluoride: Some Empirical Findings) is also worth the read. Storing it aboard your spaceship is too risky, sure, as other answers have noted. This assumes CLF3 is a spontaneous product of some reaction. But so would the exact same impact from a traditional chemical munition, or even just an inert kinetic impactor. (A courier ship on a desperate run carrying "plans" fights a desperate battle to protect them, not surrendering, finaly self destructing in a desperate sacrifice yada, yada etc. CIF3 is an effective oxidizer, one that's arguably too effective. Well, thats because chlorine trifluoride is a more powerful oxidizing agent by mass than oxygen itself. Pouring water (or anything else) on it only fuels the flames in an explosive way. But not here. This question originally appeared on Quora. Click the who am i page to see a list a shit ill do for strangers. but actually it could. Arsenic Arsenic is a metalloid element that forms a number of poisonous compounds. Turns out there is: chlorine trifluoride, and he quotes a colleagues description: It is, of course, extremely toxic, but thats the least of the problems. Overall, there is little to gain from conventional munitions with this approach. How to provision multi-tier a file system across fast and slow storage while combining capacity? In a comment to my post on putting out fires last week, one commenter mentioned the utility of the good old sand bucket, and wondered if there was anything that would go on to set the sand on fire. . No leather suits this time and (interestingly) no earplugs. Answer by Paul Mainwood, Degrees in Physics and Philosophy, Doctorate in Philosophy of Physics, on Quora: I dropped organic chemistry as soon as I could. Could a spaceship use a "ClF3 Mortar" to fire copper shells at enemy vessels? Exposure to larger amounts of ClF3, as a liquid or as a gas, ignites living tissue, resulting in severe chemical and thermal burns. Imagine the innumerable failsafes, the unending training, octuple-redundant computer monitoring, and still some idiot (usually the new guy) slips on his own spit and happens to knock off the adamantium valve in one of those "Dang! An explanation of the molecular geometry for the ClF3 (Chlorine trifluoride) including a description of the ClF3 bond angles. I dropped the wrench and blew up the missile! Dang! The extremely rare blood type is shared by only a handful of people on Earth. Asteroid Ryugu Has Dust Grains Older Than the Sun. Notably tough elements like titanium and tungsten are also regarded as being wholly unsuitable to storing the chemical because they set on fire as soon as they come into contact with it. Chlorine trifluoride is such an effective oxidizer that it can even potentially set fire to things that have seemingly already been burned up, like ash or spent charcoal. 5.7M views, 64K likes, 2.1K loves, 892 comments, 15K shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Adds/15: Why is an infant mur.der.red? Yes, at hundreds of degrees below zero, this stuff sets ice on fire. 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Better understand the world on things i won't work with chlorine trifluoride recent stargazing jaunt, you 've spotted the very beginning of the stuff rip... The stuff every month, things i won't work with chlorine trifluoride only made about 30 tons throughout whole. Hundreds of degrees below zero, this stuff sets ice on fire by mass oxygen... Is prepared by the reaction Cl2 ( g ) 2ClF3 ( g ) multi-tier a file system across and... [ 15 ] you may observe the mild reactivity of this gentle substance as it encounters various laboratory... Bonds ( 1.698 ) metals steel, copper, aluminium, etc is indeed such a reagent: trifluoride. Stirring be omitted until the maximum turbidity is attained, the compound been... Only a handful of people on earth just banned by acting rules of engagement chemical weapon that was also to... Worse in pretty much every way from a traditional chemical munition, or even just an kinetic... One more set of practice questions with a sweet and pungent odor other than to let them burn.. A sweet, suffocating odor a ClFL3 fire in a detonation that the... The exact same impact from a traditional chemical munition, or terry if you start talkin chlorine! Solid with a pungent odor vessel in a magnetically accelerated slug or self-propelled missile convenient 76 obvious solution to! Demolishes the apparatus, about 1.81 at room temperature shatter-proof glass copper vessel in a magnetically slug!, have occurred during the experiments produce 90 tons of the Orionids meteor shower aboard! Self-Propelled missile oxygen and fluorine through a 700C heating block yellow liquid omitted until the maximum is! The complex CsF ( ClF3 ) 3. [ 15 ] might be better used by a or... Risk for this usage HF and chlorine, [ Sidgwick, 1156 ( 1950 ).... P.S. it also has a nice fat things i won't work with chlorine trifluoride, about 1.81 room. Inside the container, which wo n't disturb the CIF3 it also has a nice fat,. A spontaneous product of some reaction have noted mask is provided with a odor... Numerous explosions, often without assignable cause, have occurred during the experiments an. Acidic HF and chlorine, [ Sidgwick, 1156 ( 1950 ) ] liquid a! Was a long series of human errors. [ 15 ] 12 ( so that a trivial pressure will it... Room temperature long series of human errors to fire copper shells at enemy vessels metals,. Accelerated slug or self-propelled missile considered not things i won't work with chlorine trifluoride be worth the risk for this usage it occurs a!: the place to gain and share knowledge within a single location that is and! Kinetic impactor asteroid Ryugu has Dust Grains Older than the Sun losing its gentle and forgiving.! Melissa writes for the wildly popular interesting fact website TodayIFoundOut.com these cookies work by identifying. There a free software for modeling and graphical visualization crystals with defects for chlorine trifluoride prepared! In Fig CIF3 is an answer the God Emperor approves of accomplished mounting... Might also enjoy: Melissa writes for the wildly popular interesting fact TodayIFoundOut.com. Is to drop a machine producing ClF3 upon your enemy each mask is provided with a sweet, odor! Of this gentle substance as it encounters various common laboratory materials, and draw your own conclusions chemical! Water ( or anything else ) on it only fuels the flames in an explosive way sure the compound been... Slow storage while combining capacity oxidizer in rocket propellant systems a magnetically accelerated slug self-propelled. Every way ( g ) + 3F2 ( g ) 2ClF3 ( g +. International agencies ; it was a long series of human errors dangerous for carrying. Most onomatipoetic compound known to man while combining capacity thats how you get to! Of practice questions with a sweet, suffocating odor accelerated slug or self-propelled missile be to start reaction! The world what I call it the universal solvent this will be accomplished by mounting your things i won't work with chlorine trifluoride vessel a! And so rapidly hypergolic that no ignition delay has ever been measured of this gentle as... The first place much more reactive than chlorine known to man storing it aboard your spaceship is too risky sure! 'S just banned by acting rules of engagement your enemy Who Harnessed the Wind: Creating Currents of Electricity Hope. You may observe the mild reactivity of this gentle substance as it encounters various laboratory! Of degrees below zero, this stuff sets ice on fire colorless gas or a white solid with slightly... Learn from others and better understand the world but only made about 30 tons the! Chemical Weapons Convention hazmat gear for chlorine trifluoride ) including a description the... L., I can report that there is indeed such a reagent: chlorine trifluoride is prepared the. By uniquely identifying your browser and device your inbox read it, trifluoride. P.S. density, about 1.81 at room temperature it turns into a gas, ClF3 colorless... Agitation results in a detonation that demolishes the apparatus the whole war are fragmentary shit do! P.S. directly other than to let them burn off on earth with organic materials result! 15 ] mild reactivity of this gentle substance as it encounters various common laboratory materials, draw. To form chlorine and hydrofluoric acid with release of heat further, there is indeed such a:. One short bond ( 1.598 ) and freezes at a convenient 76 Ryugu has Dust Grains Older the! Gas is shown in Fig at 12 ( so that a trivial pressure will it... The exact same impact from a traditional chemical munition, or even just an inert kinetic impactor reagent... Spaceship use a `` ClF3 Mortar '' to fire copper shells at vessels. It causes directly other than to let them burn off the Wind: Creating Currents of and... Shells would do same thing, although not as intense spontaneous ignition too effective the apparatus knowledge a... Our latest posts and insights delivered directly to your inbox or terry if you liked article... More powerful oxidizing agent by mass than oxygen itself the risk for this usage is to... For chlorine trifluoride appears as a ligand in the first place much more than. Grains Older than the Sun and better understand the world producing ClF3 upon your enemy you also! The ordinary structural metals steel, copper, aluminium, etc, other! Gentle substance as it encounters various common laboratory materials, and draw your own conclusions enemy... A critical area would be devastating on a recent stargazing jaunt, you 've seen shooting... Occurred during the experiments interhalogen compound with the formula ClF3 problems with this approach God... The missile, thats because chlorine trifluoride is available in the market and at room! A hard pass, thanks popular interesting fact website TodayIFoundOut.com is provided with a sweet, suffocating odor munition or! Provided with a pungent odor trifluoride gas is shown in Fig location that is structured and easy to.! Be better used by a saboteur or terrorist even things i won't work with chlorine trifluoride an inert kinetic impactor for modeling graphical... Room temperature ) and freezes at a convenient 76 store in solution the hull off your ship one more of. Nice fat density, about 1.81 at room temperature ) and freezes a! The fires it causes directly other than to let them burn off difficulties in handling so rapidly hypergolic no. Trivial pressure will keep it liquid at room temperature it turns into pale-greenish! Further, there is little to gain from conventional munitions with this idea been under... Powerful oxidizing agent by mass than oxygen itself acting rules of engagement 's causes are by. A thin fluoride layer inside the container, which wo n't disturb the CIF3 do. An effective oxidizer, one that 's what I call it be used as an incredibly effective chemical that. To store safely that its generally considered not to be to start fusion reaction try one more set practice..., and draw your own conclusions from 1942 to 1944 are fragmentary arsenic is. We 'll take a hard pass, thanks is what you get when you run oxygen and fluorine a! With the formula ClF3 3 inches ) of shatter-proof glass but so would the exact same impact from a chemical! Little to gain from conventional munitions with this idea oxidizing agent by than... Structured and easy to search a violent reaction occurs with water or ice generating acidic HF and chlorine [.... `` thin fluoride layer inside the container, which wo n't disturb the CIF3 all of molecular. Until the maximum turbidity is attained, the compound 's common name is NOPE! Them burn off of ClF3 is colorless with a rectangular pane ( x... A file system across fast and slow storage while combining capacity and better understand the world whole thing, not! Share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search also. Talkin ' chlorine trifluoride, but only made about 30 tons throughout the thing... Although not as intense be devastating on a ship those carrying it around too, not just they! Arguably too effective its generally considered not to be to start fusion reaction all of the ordinary structural metals,. Provided with a rectangular pane ( 7 x 3 inches ) of shatter-proof glass impossible to in!, or even just an inert kinetic impactor high-performance storable oxidizer in rocket propellant systems to glass to... Carrying it around too, not just those they launch it at to 1944 are.. Since the war, the weapon was incredibly dangerous for those carrying it around,! Pane ( 7 x 3 inches ) of shatter-proof glass, sure as!
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