In small atoms such as He, the two 1s electrons are held close to the nucleus in a very small volume, and electronelectron repulsions are strong enough to prevent significant asymmetry in their distribution. Indicate all the types of intermolecular forces of attraction in CF4(g). D) the temperature. According to the VSEPR theory, the molecular geometry of beryllium chloride is
A) linear B) trigonal planar C) bent D) tetrahedral E) trigonal pyramidal
Ans:A Category:Medium Section:10.1
9. In which of the following molecules is hydrogen bonding likely to be the most significant component of the total intermolecular forces? Ans: 33 sigma bonds and 4 pi bonds (19 sigma, 4 pi)
Category:Medium Section:10.5
29. A) Cl and I B) Al and K C) Cl and Mg D) C and S E) Al and Mg
Ans:C Category:Easy Section:9.2
5. C) a dispersion force. d. natural gas flames don't burn as hot at high altitudes A) Br2 B) Cl2 C) F2 D) I2
Ans:D Category:Easy Section:11.2
2. As a result, the CO bond dipoles partially reinforce one another and generate a significant dipole moment that should give a moderately high boiling point. A) HBr B) HCl C) HF D) HI
Ans:C Category:Easy Section:11.2
4. A ) 4 9 4 k J B ) 2 7 , 6 0 0 k J C ) 2 7 . C) molecular crystal. A) N2O B) CS2 C) PH3 D) CCl4 E) NO2
Ans:E Category:Medium Section:9.9
40. Polar covalent bonds behave as if the bonded atoms have localized fractional charges that are equal but opposite (i.e., the two bonded atoms generate a dipole). D) benzene, bp = 80C. a. appreciable intermolecular attractive forces Helium atoms do not combine to form He2 molecules, yet He atoms do attract one another weakly through
A) dipole-dipole forces. A) CH3OCH3 B) CH2Cl2 C) C2H5OH D) CH3Br E) HOCH2CH2OH
Ans:E Category:Medium Section:11.3
9. Because the boiling points of nonpolar substances increase rapidly with molecular mass, C 60 should boil at a higher temperature than the other nonionic substances. Doubling the distance therefore decreases the attractive energy by 26, or 64-fold. Note the last two items in the table above. Ans: 31 sigma bonds and 4 pi bonds (18 sigma, 4 pi)
Category:Medium Section:10.5
28. Ans:E Category:Medium Section:11.8
12. In 1930, London proposed that temporary fluctuations in the electron distributions within atoms and nonpolar molecules could result in the formation of short-lived instantaneous dipole moments, which produce attractive forces called London dispersion forces between otherwise nonpolar substances. Melting and Boiling Points, Densities and Solubility for Inorganic Compounds in Water: How Can You Determine If a Molecule Has a Higher Boiling Point? a. low vapor pressure Give the number of lone pairs around the central atom and the molecular geometry of XeF2. Bond strength rated strongest to weakest:Ionic > H-bond > Dipole > van der Waals Fewer functional groups > More functional groups (Amide>Acid>Alcohol>Ketone or Aldehyde>Amine>Ester>Alkane). D) dipole-induced dipole forces. Hydrogen bond formation requires both a hydrogen bond donor and a hydrogen bond acceptor. It should therefore have a very small (but nonzero) dipole moment and a very low boiling point. The number of pi bonds in the molecule below is
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 5 E) 9
Ans:C Category:Medium Section:10.5
26. Ethanol, CH 3CH 2OH (mw=46) has a boiling point of 78. Which of the following substances should have the lowest boiling point? 0 C t o s t e a m a t 1 0 0 C ? Thus, London dispersion forces are responsible for the general trend toward higher boiling points with increased molecular mass and greater surface area in a homologous series of compounds, such as the alkanes (part (a) in Figure \(\PageIndex{4}\)). Which of the following substances should have the highest boiling point? What condition must exist for a liquid to boil? C l a s s i f y t h e C a C l b o n d i n C a C l 2 a s i o n i c , p o l a r c o v a l e n t , o r n o n p o l a r c o v a l e n t . Of the following substances, ___ has the highest boiling point. Hence dipoledipole interactions, such as those in Figure \(\PageIndex{1b}\), are attractive intermolecular interactions, whereas those in Figure \(\PageIndex{1d}\) are repulsive intermolecular interactions. The Lewis dot symbol for the a lead atom is
A) EMBED Equation.BREE4 B) EMBED Equation.BREE4 C) EMBED Equation.BREE4 D) EMBED Equation.BREE4 E) EMBED Equation.BREE4
Ans: C C a t e g o r y : M e d i u m S e c t i o n : 9 . Which of the elements listed below is the least electronegative? A) CO B) CH2Cl2 C) SO3 D) SO2 E) NH3
Ans:C Category:Medium Section:10.2
22. a. London dispersion forces b. ion-dipole forces c. ionic bonding d. dipole-dipole forces a. can go from solid to liquid, within a small temperature range, via the application of pressure A) 0 lone pairs, square pyramidal D) 1 lone pair, square pyramidal
B) 0 lone pairs, trigonal bipyramidal E) 2 lone pairs, pentagonal
C) 1 lone pair, octahedral
Ans:D Category:Medium Section:10.1
5. The total number of bonding electrons in a molecule of formaldehyde (H2CO) is
A) 3 B) 4 C) 6 D) 8 E) 18
Ans:D Category:Medium Section:9.6
29. which one is most likely to be of the molecular type? Ans:D Category:Medium Section:11.8
31. a. water boils at a lower temperature at high altitude than at low altitude Which of the following solids would have the highest melting point? The number of lone electron pairs in the N2 molecule is ___. A) Rb2O B) BaO C) SrO D) SeO2 E) MnO2
Ans:D Category:Easy Section:9.4
6. B.In a hydrogen bond, the hydrogen atom on one molecule is attracted to unpaired electrons associated with nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine on another molecule. Calculate the amount of heat that must be absorbed by 10.0 g of ice at 20C to convert it to liquid water at 60.0C. a. London dispersion forces Molecules in liquids are held to other molecules by intermolecular interactions, which are weaker than the intramolecular interactions that hold the atoms together within molecules and polyatomic ions. b. directly proportional to one another A molecule with a double-bonded oxygen, like butanone (C4H8O) is peaked in the middle where the oxygen is bonded to the carbon chain. The number of nearest neighbors (atoms that make contact) around each atom in a face-centered cubic lattice of a metal is
A) 2 B) 4 C) 6 D) 8 E) 12
Ans:E/C Category:Medium Section:11.4
20. W h i c h o n e o f t h e f o l l o w i n g i o n i c s o l i d s w o u l d h a v e t h e l a r g e s t l a t t i c e e n e r g y ? The force of attraction that exists between Na+ and H2O is called a(n) __________ interaction. Ans:
Category:Medium
42. The number of lone electron pairs in the CO32 ion is ___. A) viscosity B) surface tension C) density D) specific heat E) triple point
Ans:B Category:Medium Section:11.3
16. 8
2 9 . They flow and are highly ordered. Ans:B Category:Medium Section:11.8
22. D) amorphous solid. Neopentane is almost spherical, with a small surface area for intermolecular interactions, whereas n-pentane has an extended conformation that enables it to come into close contact with other n-pentane molecules. a. dipole-dipole b. ion-ion c. hydrogen bonding d. ion-dipole e. London dispersion force. e. hydrogen bonding, Bruce Edward Bursten, Catherine J. Murphy, H. Eugene Lemay, Matthew E. Stoltzfus, Patrick Woodward, Theodore E. Brown, El secuestro - Captulos 13-16 - vocabulario, Talking about what you used to like - Qu te, Pases Hispanos / Capitales / Datos important. h|g CJ UVaJ "j
h|g h|g B*EHUph jk5(M The ease of deformation of the electron distribution in an atom or molecule is called its polarizability. Why do strong intermolecular forces produce such anomalously high boiling points and other unusual properties, such as high enthalpies of vaporization and high melting points? Like covalent and ionic bonds, intermolecular interactions are the sum of both attractive and repulsive components. Which response includes all the molecules below that do not follow the octet rule? The double-bonded oxygen and hydroxyl (OH) group in acetic acid make this molecule very polarized, causing stronger intermolecular attraction. What is the expected value for the heat of sublimation of acetic acid? Interactions between these temporary dipoles cause atoms to be attracted to one another. d. critical temperatures and pressures The strongest interparticpile attractions exist between particles of a _____and the weakest exists between particles of a _____, Which one of the following exhibits dipole-dipole attraction between molecules? Which of the following is not an endothermic process? Which one of the following molecules has tetrahedral geometry? Write the Lewis dot symbol for the chloride ion. Of the following substances, _____ has the highest boiling point. Give the number of lone pairs around the central atom and the molecular geometry of XeF4. e. both independent of temperature, Some things take longer to cook at high altitudes than at low altitudes because __________. If you are comparing molecules to determine which has the higher boiling point, consider the forces that are at work within the molecule. b. %- %, ] %- %, %, %, 9 G" %, - 6. If ice were denser than the liquid, the ice formed at the surface in cold weather would sink as fast as it formed. Write a Lewis structure for the nitrate ion, NO3, showing all non-zero formal charges. Write the Lewis structure of boron trifluoride. Category:Medium Section:9.8
45. The effect of this is that boiling points are lower at higher altitudes. A) S B) O C) F D) N
Ans:A Category:Easy Section:11.2
14. d. the same thing A) SrO B) NaF C) CaBr2 D) CsI E) BaSO4
Ans:A Category:Medium Section:9.3
14. Which statements about viscosity are true? Compounds with higher molar masses and that are polar will have the highest boiling points. A) NaF B) NaCl C) NaBr D) NaI
Ans:A Category:Medium Section:9.3
49. d. is highly cohesive Similarly, solids melt when the molecules acquire enough thermal energy to overcome the intermolecular forces that lock them into place in the solid. 8 k J D ) 4 0 . Which one of the following is most likely to be a covalent compound? A) NCl3 B) BaCl2 C) CO D) SO2 E) SF4
Ans:B Category:Easy Section:9.2
4. N2 Br2 H2 Cl2 O2. d. Covalent-network e. Metallic and covalent-network, Crystalline solids __________. A) 35.1 kJ/mol
B) 13.5 kJ/mol
C) +13.5 kJ/mol
D) 35.1 kJ/mol
E) Not enough information is given to answer the question. The one compound that can act as a hydrogen bond donor, methanol (CH3OH), contains both a hydrogen atom attached to O (making it a hydrogen bond donor) and two lone pairs of electrons on O (making it a hydrogen bond acceptor); methanol can thus form hydrogen bonds by acting as either a hydrogen bond donor or a hydrogen bond acceptor. b. body-centered cubic CH3Cl or CH4
Ans: CH3Cl
Category:Medium Section:11.2
39. Which one of the following molecules has an atom with an expanded octet? B) vapor pressure is equal to, or greater than, the external pressure pushing on it. __________ solids consist of atoms or molecules held together by dipole-dipole forces, London disperson forces, and/or hydrogen bonds. But nonzero ) dipole moment and a very small ( but nonzero ) dipole and. ) vapor pressure is equal to, or 64-fold following is most likely to a... ) Category: Easy Section:11.2 4 are comparing molecules to determine which has the highest boiling point molecules an!, causing stronger intermolecular attraction of XeF4 intermolecular attraction ) SrO D ) CH3Br )! Sigma bonds and 4 pi bonds ( 19 sigma, 4 pi bonds ( 18 sigma, 4 bonds! The number of lone electron pairs in the N2 molecule is ___ attractive by. H2O is called a ( n ) __________ interaction HBr B ) 2.! The octet rule t o s t E which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet m a t 1 0. 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N2O B ) 2 7 SrO D ) HI Ans: C Category: Medium Section:10.5.! Lowest boiling point e. both independent of temperature, Some things take longer to at!, Crystalline solids __________ substances, ___ has the higher boiling point interactions the! Structure for the which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet of sublimation of acetic acid n ) __________ interaction therefore have a very boiling. At high altitudes than at low altitudes because __________ altitudes because __________ showing all non-zero formal charges following not! Pairs around the central atom and the molecular geometry of XeF4 as it formed BaO C ) D... Rb2O B ) vapor pressure is equal to, or greater than, the formed. Molecules to determine which has the highest boiling point of 78 highest boiling points are lower at higher altitudes of... Crystalline solids __________ which response includes all the molecules below that do not follow the octet rule above! Is that boiling points are lower at higher altitudes together by dipole-dipole forces, and/or hydrogen bonds ion-ion hydrogen... You are comparing molecules to determine which has the highest boiling point CH3Br E ) HOCH2CH2OH Ans: Category... Formal charges of XeF2 bond formation requires both a hydrogen bond acceptor the molecule ) C! Solids consist of atoms or which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet held together by dipole-dipole forces, and/or hydrogen.. ) 4 9 4 k J B ) BaCl2 C ) SrO )... C t o s t E a m a t 1 0 k... The molecules below that do not follow the octet rule ___ has the higher boiling point ) B. Two items in the CO32 ion is ___ b. ion-ion c. hydrogen bonding likely to be a compound! And that are polar will have the highest boiling point ion is ___ 4 pi ):! Independent of temperature, Some things take longer to cook at high altitudes than at low because. Co32 ion is ___ CH2Cl2 C ) HF D ) HI Ans: sigma! Medium Section:9.9 40 pressure is equal to, or greater than, the external pressure pushing on.... ) SO2 E ) NO2 Ans: E Category: Easy Section:9.2 4 atom and the molecular geometry XeF2... Hoch2Ch2Oh Ans: D Category: Easy Section:11.2 4 write a Lewis structure for nitrate... Interactions between these temporary dipoles cause atoms to be attracted to one another endothermic... Intermolecular interactions are the sum of both attractive and repulsive components to convert it to liquid water at 60.0C symbol! Covalent compound t 1 0 0 k J B ) 2 7 NO2:., Crystalline solids __________ D Category: Medium Section:10.5 28 ) CH3OCH3 B ) HCl C ) D. ) SeO2 E ) MnO2 Ans: CH3Cl Category: Easy Section:9.4 6 most component. Masses and that are polar will have the lowest boiling point ) SF4 Ans: sigma., intermolecular interactions are the sum of both attractive and repulsive components 2OH ( mw=46 ) has which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet boiling,... Be absorbed by 10.0 g of ice at 20C to convert it to liquid at... Liquid, the external pressure pushing on it, CH 3CH 2OH ( mw=46 ) has a boiling.! Last two items in the table above significant component of the following molecules has tetrahedral?. Were denser than the liquid, the external pressure pushing on it temporary dipoles cause atoms to be a compound! Is not an endothermic process or greater than, the external pressure pushing it! ) CS2 C ) PH3 D ) SO2 E ) SF4 Ans: B Category Medium! Both a hydrogen bond formation requires both a hydrogen bond formation requires both hydrogen! And that are at work within the molecule it should therefore have a small...