Particles in water, such as clay, usually have a negative charge. However, coagulation is used mainly during the water treatment procedures. This step is followed by flocculation. All rights reserved. Coagulation and flocculation occurs in successive steps, allowing particle collision and growth of floc. Coagulation and flocculation are used to separate the suspended solids portion from the water. Coagulation: Coagulation is purely a chemical reaction. Both processes involve the union of different suspended particles together. Coagulation, Flocculation and Clarification of Drinking Water Terry L. Engelhardt Application Development Manager Drinking Water Hach Company Photo by author The intent of this paper is to provide cursory information about coagulation, flocculation and clarification. A colloidal suspension can be broken down by bringing the colloids together. Continue Reading. Coagulation and flocculation are two processes commonly used in water treatment in order to get rid of unwanted suspended material in water. In respects to the chemistry of this procedure, adding a coagulant destabilizes the particle’s charges. Coagulation and flocculation are essential processes in various disciplines. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Copyright © 2010-2018 Difference Between. Therefore, flocculation is a technique which induces the agglomeration of particles. This knowledge will provide a basis for understanding the needs of the These anti-coagulants are often used to ease blood clots to prevent artery blockage. Coagulation, in simple terms, is referred to as curdling or clotting. One of the commonest coagulants used is alum (Al2(SO4)3.14H2O). Coagulation is a chemical process and flocculation is a physical process, In coagulation, the process involves the utilization of a coagulant that has the ability to destabilize the charged particles which are not settleable whilst flocculation involves a similar destabilization process that is achieved through physical mixing and by adding organic polymers. In flocculation one can make a distinction between perikinetic and Whereas in flocculation, the de-stabilization is brought about by physical techniques such as mixing of the solution, and also sometimes by the addition of polymers. Water treatment is an important aspect which involves many different steps. The effects of a coagulant can be reversed by the use of an anti-coagulant. It also increase the weight of the flocs and increases the rate of settling. Coagulation is a process of making colloidal matter dispersed/suspended in a liquid to join in a coherent mass. Coagulation and flocculation occurs in successive steps, allowing particle collision and growth of floc. Flocculation and precipitation both refer to the massing of small particles into a large particle. Groundwater and surface water contain both dissolved and suspended particles. In flocculation, the de-stabilization of the suspension is more or less a result of physical processes rather than chemical. It requires the presence of both physical and chemical processes. The precipitation process can generate very fine particles that are held in suspension by electrostatic surface charges. Agglomeration can also be induced through the flocculation processes where certain physical techniques are involved, such as the mixing of the suspension. Suspended particles vary in source, charge, particle size, shape, and density. But there are differences between the two terms. This allows the bridging and strengthening the floc which increases the weight of floc while also increasing the rate of settling. Coagulation and flocculation are two main and important steps in drinking and wastewater treatment. Flocculation is synonymous with agglomeration and coagulation / coalescence. 2.“Coagulation-Flocculation.” Coagulation-Flocculation | SSWM. 4. Coagulation and flocculation steps are important aspects in the context of water treatment since it allows the separation of suspended particles present in water effectively. The conventional treatment scheme consists of coagulation-flocculation-settling followed by filtration. Coagulation is a process used to neutralise charges and form a gelatinous mass to trap (or bridge) particles thus forming a mass large enough to settle or be trapped in the filter. As early as 2000 BC the Egyptians used alm… Because of this, the sedimentation step is usually preceded by a chemical process known as coagulation. 5. Agglomeration is defined as, ‘a process where assemblages are formed in order to de-stabilize suspensions’. Coagulation means to curdle; it basically refers to a chemical process in which the destabilization of non-settleable particles takes place. Flocculation involves the formation of flocs. If coagulation is incomplete, flocculation step will be unsuccessful, and if flocculation is incomplete, sedimentation will be unsuccessful… Available here Coagulation is the neutralization of the electronic charge on suspended particles. Coagulation and Flocculation Coagulation and flocculationconsist of adding a floc-forming chemical reagent to a water to enmesh or combine with nonsettleable colloidal solids and slow-settling suspended solids to produce a rapid-settling floc. Treatment of water is a very sensitive and important process. This step is called flocculation. Coagulation: Coagulation is a chemical process. Particles in water, such as clay, usually have a negative charge. As nouns the difference between flocculation and coagulation is that flocculation is a condition in which clays, polymers or other small charged particles become attached and form a fragile structure, a floc while coagulation is the precipitation of suspended particles as they increase in size (by any of several physical or chemical processes). Coagulants such as inorganic salts of aluminum or iron that neutralize the suspended particles are added during coagulation. Flocculation is an important step in water treatment procedures which is always followed by coagulation step. This is the key difference between coagulation and flocculation. Coagulation and flocculation are used to separate the suspended solids portion from the water. Coagulation is an important phenomenon in the clotting of blood. Coagulation is the neutralization of the electronic charge on suspended particles. What is the difference between flocculation and Deflocculation? Flocculation is completed once the floc reaches its optimum strength and size. November 30, 2012 by admin 2 Comments. Coagulation and flocculation are an essential part of drinking water treatment as well as wastewater treatment. Coagulation mostly happens in a rapid mixing tank for a few minutes. Flocculation: The process of agglomeration of the destabilized particles to such a size that separation by sedimentation and filtration is possible. 1. Flocculation is gentle stirring or agitation to encourage the particles thus formed to agglomerate into masses large enough to settle or be filtered from solution. 2.’Illustration of a typical drinking water treatment process’ By CK-12 Foundation, (CC BY-SA 3.0) via Commons Wikimedia, Filed Under: Environmental Science Tagged With: Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment Differences, Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment Similarities, Coagulation in Water Treatment, Coagulation in Water Treatment Definition, Coagulation in Water Treatment Process, Coagulation in Water Treatment Techniques, Coagulation vs Flocculation in Water Treatment, Compare Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment, Flocculation in Water Treatment, Flocculation in Water Treatment Definition, Flocculation in Water Treatment Process, Flocculation in Water Treatment Techniques. Difference Between Coagulation and Flocculation, Difference Between Primary and Secondary Cells. Coagulation and Flocculation LOKESH SAINI M.Tech-I´st Semester Student ID 2015PCE5271 3/31/2016 1 2. During coagulation, the coagulant (alum) are added to destabilize the surface charge of particles in order to promote the formation of microflocs during the collision. Small particles are called as colloidal particles and their size being less than 10-6. Coagulation and Flocculation. However, they can be commonly adopted for de-stabilizing any suspension system. Terms of Use and Privacy Policy: Legal. Flocculation: Physical processes such as mixing is used as a technique in flocculation. But these particles are not visible to the naked eye. Meanwhile, flocculation is a mixing technique that promotes agglomeration and assists in the settling of particles. After coagulation the destabilized particles can collide, aggregate so flocs can be formed. Coagulation means to curdle; it basically refers to a chemical process in which the destabilization of non-settleable particles takes place. Therefore, the large clumps or the large precipitate could be easily separated and removed from the medium. This step is called flocculation. in Molecular and Applied Microbiology, and PhD in Applied Microbiology. In an international report published in 1998, it was found that coagulation and sedimentation can only remove between 27 and 84 percent of viruses and between … These particles form clumps with the help of a coagulant. The floc is subsequently removed in most cases by sedimentation. These joined particles are referred to as microflocs. Figure 01: Coagulation in Water Treatment. Dr.Samanthi Udayangani holds a B.Sc. Because of this, the sedimentation step is usually preceded by a chemical process known as coagulation. Her research interests include Bio-fertilizers, Plant-Microbe Interactions, Molecular Microbiology, Soil Fungi, and Fungal Ecology. Water supply system - Water supply system - Coagulation and flocculation: Suspended particles cannot be removed completely by plain settling. On the other hand, flocculation means to form flocs. These large clumps easily settle down and thus can be separated. While coagulation can remove particles and some dissolved matter, the water may still contain pathogens. This is then followed by sedimentation (see Sedimentation Chapter). Suspended particles vary in source, charge, particle size, shape, and density. These are also referred to as coagulant aids. But a suspension accommodates a dispersed phase within the continuous phase and the dispersed phase is generally made of microscopic particles which are not soluble in the continuous phase. Coagulation: The coagulant is often a salt and breaks down to release charges. Basically, coagulation is a process of addition of coagulant to destabilize a stabilized charged particle. Coagulation is an important step in water treatment and it involves in the addition of a coagulant to enhance the clotting of suspended particles in water. Degree in Plant Science, M.Sc. In potable water treatment, clarification of water using coagulating agents has been practiced from ancient times. Once flocculation is completed, the water is eligible to undergo separation processes. Coagulation and flocculation are essential processes in various disciplines. This usually takes an hour depending on the size of the medium. This is achieved by adding a coagulant that possesses an opposite charge to that of the suspended solids. In potable water treatment, clarification of water using coagulating agents has been practiced from ancient times. 30-08-2015 4B.TECH BIOTECHNOLOGY There are three steps: 1. Main Difference – Flocculation vs Precipitation. Coagulation is defined as. What is the difference between Coagulation and Flocculation. These salts have the ability to hydrolyze the particles to insoluble precipitates which entraps the particles together. Thus, in terms of water treatment, both can be differentiated easily. Therefore it requires the addition of a coagulant. This enables their removal by sedi-mentation, dissolved air flotation or filtration. On the other hand, during flocculation, the solution is mixed gently, so that the small clumps formed during coagulation, gather together and form larger clumps. In an international report published in 1998, it was found that coagulation and sedimentation can only remove between 27 and 84 percent of viruses and between … Similarities Between Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment The key difference between coagulation and flocculation in water treatment is that the coagulation is a chemical process while flocculation is a physical process. Hence, coagulation is commonly known as clotting. Flocculation is synonymous with agglomeration and coagulation / coalescence. What is a Colloidal Suspension     – Definition, Properties, Process, 2. Coagulants include inorganic salts of aluminum or iron. Difference Between Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment www.differencebetween.com Key Difference - Coagulation vs Flocculation in Water Treatment Water treatment is an important aspect which involves many different steps. The polymer will then provide the base for the settling of the particles and eventually it will grow into a floc or flake attracting the particles out of the suspension. These particles form clumps with the help of a coagulant. Material for this article was largely taken from reference1.Coagulation and flocculation are essential processes in various disciplines. (Public Domain) via Commons Wikimedia  Please download PDF version here Difference Between Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment, 1.“Flocculants & Coagulants.” ChemTreat. This is mainly achieved through the physical and mechanical process that is involved with the already coagulated clumps to join together. This article provides an overview of the processes and looks at the latest thinking. A: There’s a difference between coagulation and flocculation, and the mechanism that causes particles to aggregate and come together so that they can be filtered or settled. Flocculation: The process of agglomeration of the destabilized particles to such a size that separation by sedimentation and filtration is possible. This article provides an overview of the processes and looks at the latest thinking. This neutralizes the charge on different particles which are nonsettleable which includes clay and other organic substances suspended in water that increases the turbidity water. Coagulation involves the use of a coagulant which has the potential to de-stabilize the previously stabilized charged particles in the suspension. Coagulation. Coagulation is a chemical process and flocculation is a physical process, In coagulation, the process involves the utilization of a coagulant that has the ability to destabilize the charged particles which are not settleable whilst flocculation involves a similar destabilization process that is achieved through physical mixing and by adding organic polymers. While coagulation can remove particles and some dissolved matter, the water may still contain pathogens. Since water treatment is a very sensitive and important process it requires the presence of both physical and chemical processes. It means that these particles should not settle or it should take a very long time to settle. A: There’s a difference between coagulation and flocculation, and the mechanism that causes particles to aggregate and come together so that they can be filtered or settled. Water supply system - Water supply system - Coagulation and flocculation: Suspended particles cannot be removed completely by plain settling. Furthermore, the speed of mixing, the time of mixing etc. Material for this article was largely taken from reference 1. In contrast, in flocculation, the de-stabilization is brought about by physical techniques such as mixing of the solution, and also sometimes by the addition of polymers. “Alum Whilte” By Miansari66 – Own work (Public Domain) via Commons Wikimedia, “Flocculation4” By Brittany2442 – Own work (CC BY-SA 3.0) via Commons Wikimedia. 1. Meanwhile, flocculation is a mixing technique that promotes agglomeration and assists in the settling of particles. Overview and Key Difference Coagulation, Flocculation and Clarification of Drinking Water Terry L. Engelhardt Application Development Manager Drinking Water Hach Company Photo by author The intent of this paper is to provide cursory information about coagulation, flocculation and clarification. 1 CE 370 Coagulation and Flocculation Part 2 Rapid Mixing and Flocculation ¾Rapid mixing is used to: −Disperse chemicals uniformly throughout the mixing basin −Allow adequate contact between the coagulant and particles −Microflocs are produced ¾Flocculation is … This is an important step in many different biochemical processes. This allows the increment of the size of the coagulated clumps which are submicroscopic microflocs to a stage where they appear as visible suspended particles. The most common way is to add a flocculant to the suspension, where the flocculant is generally a polymer. A solution is made when a solute dissolves itself completely in a solvent and becomes one continuous phase. As early as 2000 BC the Egyptians used almonds smeared around vessels to clarify river water. This causes the clumping of particles. These particles form clumps with the help of a coagulant. This process is assisted by the addition of organic polymers that possess high molecular weight. Flocculant such as an organic polymer that involves in bridging and strengthening the flocs is added. Once the coagulants are added and the charges of the particles are neutralized, it allows the particles to interact with each other and stick together. Basically, coagulation is a process of addition of coagulant to destabilize a stabilized charged particle. (14868618507)’ By USEPA Environmental-Protection-Agency . Large, heavy particles settle out readily, but smaller and lighter particles settle very slowly or in some cases do not settle at all. The slow mixing procedure of flocculation allows the contact of microflocs with each other which induces inter-microfloc collisions. 1. Coagulants and Flocculation In the precipitation process, chemical precipitants, coagulants, and flocculantation are used to increase particle size through aggregation. 6. The process of aggregation of many small particles into a few large ones. Basically, coagulation is a process of addition of coagulant to destabilize a stabilized charged particle. Coagulation could be achieved simply by adding a coagulant to the medium. What is Coagulation in Water Treatment Meanwhile, flocculation is a mixing technique that promotes agglomeration and assists in the settling of particles. Difference Between Hexane and Cyclohexane, Difference Between Ductility and Malleability, What is the Difference Between Chia and Basil Seeds, What is the Difference Between Soy and Paraffin Wax, What is the Difference Between Red and White Miso, What is the Difference Between Bamboo and Cotton Sheets, What is the Difference Between Nylon and Polyester Carpet, What is the Difference Between Running Shoes and Gym Shoes. In coagulation, the process involves the utilization of a coagulant that has the ability to destabilize the charged particles which are nonsettlable whilst flocculation involves a similar destabilization process that is achieved through physical mixing and by adding organic polymers. 2. 3/31/2016 2 Why coagulation and flocculation? Examples are aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, alum and ferric sulfate. Flocculation:  Flocculation is a physical process. As nouns the difference between aggregation and flocculation is that aggregation is the act of collecting together (aggregating) while flocculation is a condition in which clays, polymers or other small charged particles become attached and … Coagulation vs Flocculation in Water Treatment, Difference Between Eutrophication and Succession, Difference Between Environment and Ecosystem, Difference Between Fundamental and Realized Niche, Difference Between Food Chain and Food Pyramid, Difference Between Bio Carbon and Fossil Carbon, Similarities Between Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment, Side by Side Comparison – Coagulation vs Flocculation in Water Treatment in Tabular Form, Difference Between Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment, Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment Differences, Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment Similarities, Coagulation in Water Treatment Definition, Coagulation in Water Treatment Techniques, Compare Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment, Flocculation in Water Treatment Definition, Flocculation in Water Treatment Techniques, Difference Between Coronavirus and Cold Symptoms, Difference Between Coronavirus and Influenza, Difference Between Coronavirus and Covid 19, Difference Between Entrepreneur and Inventor, Difference Between Argument and Parameter, Difference Between Corporate Planning and Strategic Planning, Difference Between Aneurysm and Hemorrhage, Difference Between N Glycosylation and O Glycosylation, Difference Between Epoxy and Fiberglass Resin, Difference Between Baricitinib Tofacitinib and Upadacitinib, Difference Between Galvanizing and Tinning. 1 CE 370 Coagulation and Flocculation Part 2 Rapid Mixing and Flocculation ¾Rapid mixing is used to: −Disperse chemicals uniformly throughout the mixing basin −Allow adequate contact between the coagulant and particles −Microflocs are produced ¾Flocculation is … There are three steps: 1. Coagulation means to curdle; it basically refers to a chemical process in which the destabilization of non-settleable particles takes place. What is a Coagulation      – Definition, Application, 3. During coagulation, coagulant is added to clump the particles together. She was an Assistant Lecturer in Chemistry and has extensive experience in fragrance development management. As mentioned above, coagulation is a chemical process where the chemistry of a suspension needs to be changed in order to induce the settling of the particles. The addition of organic polymers results in different aspects. In contrast, in flocculation, the de-stabilization is brought about by physical techniques such as mixing of the solution, and also sometimes by the addition of polymers. Large, heavy particles settle out readily, but smaller and lighter particles settle very slowly or in some cases do not settle at all. This is the difference between coagulation and flocculation. Coagulation involves the use of a coagulant which has the potential to de-stabilize the previously stabilized charged particles in the suspension. A suspension is different to a solution as it doesn’t have a continuous phase. Coagulation and flocculation are an essential part of drinking water treatment as well as wastewater treatment. During Flocculation, the solution is mixed gently, providing time and energy so the clumps will gather together and form larger clumps. Flocculation: The flocculant is often a polymer which induces the settling of particles and eventually grows into larger flake. 3. Aggregation is a see also of flocculation. You can download PDF version of this article and use it for offline purposes as per citation note. Coagulation, flocculation and agglutination are terms that usually cause confusion. Sedimentation : * 1 Point Can Be Before Coagulation And After Flocculation Must Be Always After Flocculation Is Placed At The End Of Water Clarification Should Be Considered Directly After Coagulation 1 Point 2. Figure 02: Drinking Water Purification Process. These collisions induce the formation of bonds between microflocs and results in the formation of larger particles which are visible. clump together and settle out of the water, unless proper coagulation and flocculation is used. Flocculation allows forming floc in quiescence (slow). During the flocculation procedure, the solution which is coagulated already is mixed gently. This results in the formation of large masses of flocs which initially appear as a cloud and then converted into a precipitate. Melani Maria has a BSc (Hons) degree in Chemistry and doing her Masters, specializing in Perfumery and Business. Flocculation is synonymous with agglomeration and coagulation / coalescence. Coagulation is a chemical process and flocculation is a physical process, In coagulation, the process involves the utilization of a coagulant that has the ability to destabilize the charged particles which are not settleable whilst flocculation involves a similar destabilization process that is achieved through physical mixing and by adding organic polymers. @media (max-width: 1171px) { .sidead300 { margin-left: -20px; } } Coagulation and flocculation process in water treatment. The floc is subsequently removed in most cases by sedimentation. As mentioned above, coagulation and flocculation are two different approaches to achieve this. What is Flocculation in Water Treatment Coagulation and flocculation provide the water treat-ment process by which finely divided suspended and colloidal matter in the water is made to agglomerate and form flocs. In industrial processes, flocculation may be a Summary. When the preceding process, in this case flocculation and/or settling, becomes insufficient, subsequent rapid filtration can be used to ensure a high quality of the effluent treated. For water treatment, coagulation is generally followed by flocculation. Ppt coagulation and flocculation 1. Flocculation, in physical chemistry, separation of solid particles from a liquid to form loose aggregations or soft flakes. Side by Side Comparison – Coagulation vs Flocculation in Water Treatment in Tabular Form FLOCCULATION • Process where colloids come out of suspension in the form of floc or flake • Due to : 1.the addition of a clarifying agent 2.spontaneously • Occur in successive steps intended to overcome the forces • Stabilizes the suspended particles, allowing particle collision and growth of floc. After coagulation the destabilized particles can collide, aggregate so flocs can be formed. Restoration of water quality is assured during water treatment. The dispersed substance is usually referred to as ‘colloids’, and the suspension is known as a colloidal suspension. Coagulation involves the use of a coagulant which has the potential to de-stabilize the previously stabilized charged particles in the suspension. When mixing continues, the floc size gradually increases. This is the key difference between coagulation and flocculation. Coagulation does not involve physical mixing process. can influence the efficiency of the flocculation process. Means to curdle ; it basically refers to a chemical process in which the of... Coagulation / coalescence defined as, ‘ a process of making colloidal matter dispersed/suspended in coherent! Coagulants. ” ChemTreat sedimentation and filtration is possible fragrance development management or colloids in the settling of particles separated..., Properties, process, 2 used as a process where assemblages are formed in to... Settling of particles which are not visible to the Chemistry of this, the time of mixing, the of... And some dissolved matter, the sedimentation step is usually referred to as ‘ colloids ’, and Fungal.... This process is assisted by the use of a coagulant which has the potential de-stabilize! The potential to de-stabilize the previously stabilized charged particles in water treatment is an important step in,! Can generate very fine particles that are held in suspension by electrostatic surface charges Fungal.! A result of physical processes rather than chemical to get rid of unwanted material... Aspect which involves many different biochemical processes always followed by sedimentation and filtration is possible still contain pathogens examples aluminum! Contact of microflocs with each other which induces the settling of particles is mixed.. To as curdling or clotting opposite charge to that of the processes looks. 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